Kenari Alor/ Canarium ovatum, One plant that is famous for its fruit is the walnut tree. This plant produces nuts with high nutritional value.
The tree with the Latin name Canarium ovatum is a plant of high economic value. Especially the fruit and seeds which contain high fat and protein are used as food ingredients.
According to research, walnut trees originate from the eastern region of Malenesia and have now spread to the surrounding area. Its growing habitat includes countries with tropical and subtropical climates.
This plant, which has the potential to be cultivated, is not only limited to taking the fruit, but also has other benefits, such as health and beauty.
Taxonomy
The following is a classification of walnut plants, of which there are more than 100 species in the world.
Kindgom Plantae
Subkingdom Tracheobionta
Superdivision of Spermatophyta
Division Magnoliophyta
Class Magnoliopsida
Subclass Rosidae
Sapindales Order
Burseraceae family
Genus Canarium
Species Canarium ovatum, Canarium indicum L, Canarium vulgare Leenh, Canarium amboinense Hoch, Canarium zeylanicum
Origin
Walnut trees come from the eastern part of the Malesia region, namely Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, and the Australian border. This opinion is in line with the statement which states that the canary plant comes from Maluku to Vanuatu, and there are also those who say it comes from the Philippines.
canary plant Pixabay
This difference of opinion is caused by the type of walnut plant which consists of hundreds of species, each of which grows in certain areas. For example, in Indonesia there are two species, namely Canarium vulgare and Canariun indicum, while from abroad they are Canarium ovatum, Canarium harveyi, and C. Solomonense.
Spread
Walnut plants are spread from eastern Malesia which has a tropical climate such as Papua, Indonesia, the Philippines, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu (Pacific islands). Because it has economic value and promising cultivation opportunities, this walnut-producing plant has become one of the cultivated plants being developed.
Several countries outside the natural habitat of canary plants are starting to promote cultivation, including Southern Nigeria, Africa, Madagascar, southern China and also India.
Habitats
Walnut trees grow in native habitats with tropical and subtropical climates. This plant can survive well at temperatures of around 25 to 28 degrees Celsius. Even temperatures of 5 degrees to a maximum of 32 degrees Celsius can still be tolerated.
As a tropical plant, walnut trees require sufficient water intake. Walnut plants are suitable for growing in areas with rainfall of around 2,500 to 3,500 mm per year. This plant is usually cultivated in lowland to highland areas with an altitude of 0 to 600 meters above sea level.
Morphology
Walnut trees have an upright trunk structure and can grow to a height of 45 meters. The banri is around 3 meters high with a width of 1.5 meters. The color of the stem varies from white, gray, to dark brown.
walnut tree
Inside the bark of walnuts, white sap is stored and is sticky. When the sap is exposed to environmental air, it will turn yellowish, resembling wax.
The root system of the walnut plant is a taproot. Primary and lateral roots grow rapidly at the beginning of growth, forming one or more main roots.
The sap produced by walnut trees is only available when the leaves have grown. This is because during the dry season the canary plant is in the dormant stage, that is, it does not have leaves or sap. Therefore, walnut sap is only produced during the rainy season.
The bony system of canary leaves is pinnate and is a type of compound single leaf. The leaves grow in pairs, about 4 to 5 pairs on each stalk. The shape of the leaves is slightly elongated and the surface texture of the walnut leaves is smooth and shiny.
Canary flowers are a group of unisexual flowers. The shape of the flowers is panicles with the number of petals and corollas numbering 5. The flower growth on walnut trees is almost the same as on rambutan trees, namely the flowers come out at the ends of the stalks.
Apart from flowers, walnut trees also produce fruit and seeds. The fruit has 2 to 3 spaces in one fruit. Each space functions as a place for seeds to grow with the apotrope or epitrope type. The number of seeds in each chamber is around 1 to 2 seeds.
Rarity Status
Based on data from the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, the walnut tree is a species with Vulnerable or VU status. The canary plant population is in a vulnerable condition and is facing the threat of extinction in nature.
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